Requirement 9 of 12

Earth's Tilt and Climate

Explain how Earth's tilt affects climate near the equator, near the poles, and in regions between them.

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Requirement 9 discussion guide

Use these notes to explain why Earth's tilt changes the angle and intensity of sunlight around the globe.

Visual guide

Diagram showing Earth tilted on its axis and sunlight hitting at different angles
Earth's tilt changes how direct the sunlight is at different latitudes, which helps explain why some regions are warmer and some are colder.
Diagram showing equator, middle latitudes, and polar climate zones
The equator gets more direct sunlight on average, the poles get lower-angle sunlight, and the middle latitudes often have stronger seasonal changes.

Earth's tilt and climate regions

Key ideas

  • Earth's axis is tilted, so sunlight reaches different parts of the planet at different angles during the year.
  • Regions near the equator receive more direct sunlight on average and tend to stay warmer.
  • Regions near the poles receive sunlight at lower angles and have much colder climates.
  • Regions between the equator and poles usually have more seasonal variation because the sun angle changes more through the year.

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